There are explanations of psychotic “symptoms” other than the biomedical model of this review medicalising psychosis as “an illness like any other” increases both public pessimism about outcome and the stigma attached to people with psychosis.
Taken together, therefore, acute psychosis is one of the most common psychiatric emergencies. Other causes of organic psychoses are neurological disorders (epilepsy, head injury, haemorrhage, infarction, infection, and tumours) and most causes of delirium.
1 Psychosis occurs frequently in all forms of dementia including Parkinson's disease. The misuse of substances, notably cannabis, 5 raises the prevalence of psychotic symptoms further-substance misuse partly explains the 10 times higher prevalence of psychosis in prison populations. Bipolar affective disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 1.3-1.6%, 4 and it is characterised by episodes of psychosis during both high (“manic”) and low (depressive) relapses. 3 Some people who become depressed (one in five of us over a lifetime) also develop hallucinations and delusions, related to and “congruent with” their low mood. w1 Independent of known associations with migration and ethnic origin, increased economic inequality in areas of high deprivation also predicts a higher incidence of schizophrenia. people, and a lifetime morbidity risk of 7. 2 Schizophrenia has a one year prevalence of 3. Psychotic symptoms had a 10.1% prevalence in a non-demented community population over 85 years. 1 Most new cases arise in men under 30 and women under 35, but a second peak occurs in people over 60 years. The one year prevalence of non-organic psychosis is 4.
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